Characteristics of Down Syndrome
Down Syndrome is the most common genetic disorder, and it is the result of an extra chromosome. There are many characteristics of Down Syndrome that are physical while others are mental in nature. The degree of severity differs for individuals with Down Syndrome. Some show both physical and mental impairments while others only have the physical aspect. The degree of severity will affect the individual’s ability to care for themselves later in life. The degree of the physical features don’t affect the mental ability of the individual.
The most recognizable characteristic of Down Syndrome is the facial deformity. The eyes are somewhat slanted and the ears fold over on the top instead of laying flat. Most people with Down Syndrome have an average size tongue, but they have very small lips and mouth so the tongue appears to be large in proportion. Shortness in the hands, fingers, and neck is common as well. The nose may appear to be flatter than normal.
Mental impairment is a common characteristic of Down Syndrome. The cognitive brain processes are affected so learning basic skills can be difficult such as reading and writing. There are often issues related to hearing and vision with Down Syndrome. Heart problems are a large concern as well. It is believed only 10% of children with Down Syndrome have learning disabilities that can’t be overcome with the proper assistance. However, if they suffer from vision loss and hearing loss then the learning process will be more difficult.
Individuals with Down Syndrome appear to be very happy. They love to physically touch and embrace other people. They are friendly and outgoing. In fact, Down Syndrome is one birth defect where those affected seem to gravitate towards other people rather than have low self esteem because of their birth defect. They tend to have magnetic personalities that make others feel very comfortable around them.
The idea that individuals with Down Syndrome are low functioning is not accurate. While a small percentage of those affects are, the majority of people with Down Syndrome function as well as the rest of us in society. They work, go grocery shopping, pay their bills, cook dinner, and all the other daily activities we engage in. They also go out on dates and to the movies. As our society continues to be more educated about Down Syndrome the opportunities for those affected continue to grow.
